Red Spruce (Picea rubens) Sargent 1898

 

Synonyms: Picea australis, Picea nigra var. rubra, Pinus mariana var. rubra, (see The Plant List for more synonyms), West Virginia spruce, yellow spruce

 

 

Picea rubens is native to eastern North America, from the Algonquin Highlands, southern Quebec and the Atlantic Provinces of Canada through the Appalachians, south to North Carolina. It is found on moist, but well-drained sandy loam, usually in montane forests, up to 2,000 m. Red Spruce grows to 18-40 m in height with a trunk diameter of 0.6-1 m. Bark gray-brown to reddish-brown. The leaves are yellow-green. The cones are cylindrical, 3-5 cm long. Longevity is 250-450 years, but in the Appalachians, many trees were killed by acid rains. In eastern Canada this species sometimes hybridizes with Black Spruce (P. mariana).

 

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